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New US Covid rules for international travel: Which vaccines are approved

Washington - The US is rolling out new Covid-19 rules for travellers flying into the country.

The Biden administration is rolling out new international travel policies affecting Americans and non-citizens alike who want to fly into the US. The goal is to restore more normal air travel after 18 months of disruption caused by Covid-19.

The across-the-board rules, which will take effect in November, will replace a hodgepodge of confusing restrictions. Some details of the plan announced Monday are being worked out, but here are some questions and answers about what to expect:

WHAT IS THE NEW POLICY IN A NUSHELL?

All adult foreign nationals travelling to the US will be required to be fully vaccinated before boarding their flight. This is in addition to the current requirement that travellers show proof of a negative Covid-19 test taken within 72 hours of departure to the US.

Once the vaccination requirement is put in place, the White House will ease all the country-specific restrictions on international travel that have prevented non-citizens who have been in the United Kingdom, European Union, China, India, Iran, Republic of Ireland, Brazil or South Africa in the prior 14 days from entering the US.

HOW DOES THIS AFFECT AMERICANS?

Fully vaccinated Americans will only need to show proof of a negative Covid-19 test taken within 72 hours of departure to the US.

WHAT ABOUT UNVACCINATED AMERICANS?

US citizens and permanent residents who are not fully vaccinated will still be able to fly to the US, but they will see tougher testing and contact tracing protocols. They will need to be tested within 24 hours of boarding a flight to the US, as well as undergo testing upon return to the country. It remains to be seen, though, how the federal government will enforce the testing requirement upon return.

HOW DOES THIS AFFECT CHILDREN?

The new US policy only requires adult foreign nationals to be fully vaccinated in order to enter the US. The White House did not immediately say whether unvaccinated children will face different testing protocols when flying into the country.

WHICH VACCINES ARE ACCEPTABLE?

The CDC says the US will accept full vaccination of travellers with any Covid-19 vaccine approved for emergency use by the World Health Organization, including those from Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson used in the US. Other vaccines are also approved by the WHO and used widely around the world, including from AstraZeneca and China’s Sinovac, with varying degrees of effectiveness against COVID-19 and its more transmissible delta variant. The WHO is reviewing Russia’s Sputnik V vaccine but hasn’t approved it.

HOW WILL THIS AFFECT AIR FARES?

Adit Damodaran, economist for the travel-research firm Hopper, predicted that growing demand is likely to cause higher airfares on flights from Europe, although the rush to book flights could be slowed by the delta variant and high Covid-19 rates in the US. If fares rise, it would mark a turnaround in prices since the start of the pandemic.

WILL AIRLINES COLLECT DATA ON PASSENGERS?

The CDC will require airlines to collect information about passengers and provide it to the health agency if it needs to conduct contact tracing. The airlines had resisted a similar change last year, when it was proposed by the CDC and eventually blocked by the Trump administration.

WHAT ABOUT TRAVEL OVER LAND BORDERS?

The administration’s restrictions on crossing land borders from Mexico and Canada into the US. are to remain unchanged for now. That means that in some cases fully vaccinated people from the two American neighbours will soon be able fly to the US, but may not be able to make the same journey by car.

HOW WILL THIS AFFECT THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY?

Analysts and industry officials think it will help. The US Chamber of Commerce said lifting the current restrictions on international travellers will contribute to a durable recovery for the US economy. Before Monday, the US was on pace to lose $175 billion in export income from international visitors this year, according to the US Travel Association.

HOW HAVE THE CURRENT RESTRICTIONS AFFECTED INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL?

They have made it easier for Americans to visit Europe than the other way around. US international travel in August was down 54 per cent compared with two years ago, and arrivals by non-US citizens were off 74 per cent, according to Airlines for America.

HOW WILL THE CHANGES AFFECT BUSINESS TRAVEL?

There is pent-up demand among business travellers from Europe. Foreign executives who have been vaccinated will no longer have to prove that their travel to the United States serves the US “national interest? — a time-consuming process.