Bangladesh court winds back job quotas that sparked unrest

Bangladesh's top court on Sunday pared back contentious civil service hiring rules but failed to mollify university student leaders, whose demonstrations against the scheme sparked nationwide clashes that have killed 151 people.

What began as a protest against politicised admission quotas for sought-after government jobs snowballed this week into some of the worst unrest of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's tenure.

Soldiers are patrolling cities across Bangladesh after riot police failed to restore order, while a nationwide internet blackout since Thursday has drastically restricted the flow of information to the outside world.

The Supreme Court was due to decide next month on the legality of the recently reintroduced scheme that reserves more than half of government jobs for select applicants but brought forward its verdict as the civil strife intensified.

It decided that a lower bench's order last month to reintroduce the scheme was "illegal", Bangladeshi Attorney General AM Amin Uddin said.

Shah Monjurul Hoque, a lawyer involved in the case, said that the court had also asked protesting students "to return to class" after issuing its verdict.

The ruling curtailed the number of reserved jobs, from 56 per cent of all positions to seven per cent but fell short of meeting protester demands.

It reserved five per cent of all government jobs for the children of "freedom fighters" from Bangladesh's 1971 liberation war against Pakistan, down from 30 per cent.

One per cent were reserved for tribal communities and another one percent for people with disabilities or identifying as third gender under Bangladeshi law.

The remaining 93 per cent of positions would be decided on merit, the court ruled.

The "freedom fighter" category in particular is a point of resentment for young graduates, with critics saying it is used to stack public jobs with loyalists to Hasina's ruling Awami League.

Students had called for the complete abolition of that category, along with other quotas for women and specific districts of the country.

"We welcome the Supreme Court verdict," a spokesman for Students Against Discrimination, the main group responsible for organising the protests, told AFP on condition of anonymity.

"But we won't call off our protests until the government issues an order reflecting our demands."

Opponents accuse Hasina's government of bending the judiciary to its will and the premier had already hinted to the public this week that the court would issue a ruling favourable to student demands.

Hasina, 76, has ruled the country since 2009 and won her fourth consecutive election in January after a vote without genuine opposition.

Her government is accused by rights groups of misusing state institutions to entrench its hold on power and stamp out dissent, including by the extrajudicial killing of opposition activists.

"It's not about the rights of the students anymore," business owner Hasibul Sheikh, 24, told AFP at the scene of a Saturday street protest, held in the capital Dhaka in defiance of a nationwide curfew.