Government, opposition both claim Venezuela election win, official results questioned

President Nicolas Maduro and opposition rival Edmundo Gonzalez on Monday both claimed victory in Venezuela's presidential election as Washington and other foreign governments cast doubt on official results that kept the incumbent in power.

The national electoral authority said just after midnight that Maduro had won a third term with 51 per cent of the vote — a result that would extend a quarter-century of socialist rule.

But independent exit polls pointed to a big opposition win following enthusiastic shows of support for Gonzalez and opposition leader Maria Corina Machado on the campaign trail.

Gonzalez won 70 per cent, said Machado, who had been barred from holding public office in a decision she says is unfair.

Gonzalez told supporters that rules had been violated on polling day.

"Our message of reconciliation and peaceful change still stands...our struggle continues and we won't rest until the will of the people of Venezuela is respected," he said.

It was not immediately clear exactly what the opposition's next move might be. Gonzalez also said he was not calling for supporters to take to the streets or commit any acts of violence.

But isolated incidents took place around the country before the announcement of results, including the death of one man in Tachira state and scuffles at polling sites in Caracas and other places. Police dispersed a protest in Catia, traditionally a ruling party bastion in western Caracas.

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Washington had serious concerns that the results announced by the electoral authority did not reflect the votes of the people. The authority is meant to be an independent body but the opposition says it acts as an arm of Maduro's government.

Caracas and Washington have had an adversarial relationship dating back to the era of left-wing populist Hugo Chavez. Maduro — a 61-year-old former bus driver and foreign minister — took office on Chavez's death in 2013 and his 2018 reelection is considered fraudulent by the United States and others, who call him a dictator.

Maduro has presided over an economic collapse, the migration of about a third of the population, and a sharp deterioration in diplomatic relations, crowned by sanctions imposed by the United States, the European Union and others which have crippled an already struggling oil industry.

Venezuela's bonds and those of state oil firm PDVSA were quoted down between 1.5 and 5 cents on the dollar by traders on Monday.

Argentine President Javier Milei called the official election result a fraud, while Costa Rica and Peru rejected it and Chile said it would not accept any result that was not verifiable.

Spanish Foreign Minister Jose Manuel Albares said details from all polling stations should be presented to guarantee fully verifiable results. "We ask that the calm and civility with which the election day took place be maintained," he said.

Russia, Cuba, Honduras and Bolivia cheered Maduro's victory.

Venezuela's military has long supported Maduro and there have been no public signs that leaders of the armed forces were breaking from the government.

• World